JB Ltd. manufactures three chemical products, XR, YS, and ZT. It processes input material in common plant facility to generate two intermediate…

CA Intermediate · Cost and Management Accounting · RTP · May 2025
JB Ltd. manufactures three chemical products, XR, YS, and ZT. It processes input material in common plant facility to generate two intermediate products, X and Y, in 4:1 proportion after a normal loss of 1/12th of the input material. There is no market for these two intermediate products. Thus, X is processed further through separate finishing process R to yield the product XR and Y is converted into product YS by a process S. The S finishing process also produces a waste material, Z, which has no market value. Thus, the company converts Z, after additional processing through process T, into a saleable by-product, ZT. 11,40,000 kg of the common input material are processed each month in common plant facility. And after the separate finishing processes (all losses are normal losses), proportions of XR, YS and ZT emerge as follows: Product Quantity (kg) Market price per kg (₹) XR 7,60,000 38.80 YS 1,90,000 72.00 ZT 19,000 24.00 The material and processing costs are as follows: Particulars Common plant facility (₹) Separate finishing processes R (₹) S (₹) T (₹) Direct material 97,28,000 33,44,000 4,56,000 30,400 Direct labour 45,60,000 68,40,000 27,36,000 1,67,200 Factory overhead 24,32,000 22,80,000 9,12,000 1,06,400 Total 1,67,20,000 1,24,64,000 41,04,000 3,04,000 You are required to CALCULATE the cost per unit and total operating profit/loss attributed to both the products XR and YS considering all joint costs are allocated based on net realisable value method.

Suggested Answer and Working Notes:

Statement showing operating profit/loss by each product after further processing Product XR (7,60,000 kg) Product YS (1,90,000 kg) Total (₹) Cost per unit (₹) Total (₹) Cost per unit (₹) Joint costs (W.N.) 1,06,40,000 14.0 60,80,000 32.0 Further processing costs 1,24,64,000 16.40 41,04,000 21.60 By-product net revenues (1,52,000) (0.80) Total cost 2,31,04,000 30.40 1,00,32,000 52.80 Sales 2,94,88,000 38.80 1,36,80,000 72.00 Operating profit 63,84,000 8.40 36,48,000 19.20 Working Note: Calculation of joint costs using Net realisable value method: Particulars Product XR (₹) Product YS (₹) Sales Value 2,94,88,000 (₹ 38.80 × 7,60,000 kg) 1,36,80,000 (₹ 72.00 × 1,90,000 kg) Add: By-product net revenue 1,52,000 [(₹ 24.00 x 19,000 kg) -3,04,000] Less: Post split-off cost (Further processing cost) (1,24,64,000) (41,04,000) Net Realisable Value 1,70,24,000 97,28,000 Apportionment of Joint Cost of 1,67,20,000 in ratio of 1,70,24:97,28 1,06,40,000 60,80,000

Topics: Joint Products and By Products

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