ABC Foundation, a non-profit company, was registered (in the year 2003) under section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956. As per section 2(18)(aa) of the…

CA Intermediate · Corporate and Other Laws · RTP · January 2026
ABC Foundation, a non-profit company, was registered (in the year 2003) under section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956. As per section 2(18)(aa) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, 'a company is considered to be one in which the public are substantially interested if it is registered under Section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956.' After the enactment of the Companies Act, 2013, section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956 was replaced by section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013. However, the Income Tax Act, 1961 still continues to make reference of section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956 in section 2(18)(aa) of the Income-tax Act, 1961. In this situation, how should the reference to section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956, in section 2(18)(aa) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 be construed after the commencement of the Companies Act, 2013, in light of the provisions of the General Clauses Act, 1897?

Suggested Answer and Working Notes:

According to section 8 of the General Clauses Act, 1897, where this Act or Central Act or Regulation made after the commencement of this Act, repeals and re-enacts, with or without modification, any provision of a former enactment, then references in any other enactment or in any instrument to the provision so repealed shall, unless a different intention appears, be construed as references to the provision so re-enacted. Also decided in case of Gauri Shankar Gaur v. State of U.P. that every Act has its own distinction. If a later Act merely makes a reference to a former Act or existing law, it is only by reference and all amendments, repeals new law subsequently made will have effect unless its operation is saved by the relevant provision of the section of the Act. In this case, section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956 (dealing with non-profit companies) has been repealed and re-enacted as Section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013. Though section 2 (18) (aa) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 still mentions "companies registered under section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956", by virtue of section 8 of the General Clauses Act, 1897, the reference shall be deemed to mean “companies registered under section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013”.

Topics: The General Clauses Act, 1897

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